PECULIARITIES OF THE MANIFESTATION OF SUBACUTE Т-2-, AFLA- AND ZEARALENONTOXICOSIS IN WHITE RATS WITH THE APPLICATION OF PREVENTIVE COMPLEXES
УДК: 619:615.91:636.084.5:614.3 DOI: 10.31588/2413_4201_1883_2_255_307
Keywords:
mycotoxins, mycotoxicosis, white rats, prophylactic complexes, hematologyAbstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by mycelial fungi under unfavorable environmental conditions. Mycotoxins are one of the most significant hazards in the feed supply chain and pose a threat to the feed industry worldwide, having a direct impact on animal health and productivity, human health when consuming products of animal and plant origin.
These toxic compounds are commonly found as natural contaminants in various agricultural products of plant origin, especially in cereal grains. As well as in animal products such as eggs, meat, milk and dairy products, in various residual concentrations when animals consume contaminated feed.
Consumption of feed contaminated with mycotoxins can cause both acute and chronic intoxication. In chronic and subacute poisoning with these compounds, feed refusal, diarrhea, neuroendocrine changes, metabolic, immunological and hematological disorders, and weight loss are noted.
Some of the common mycotoxins are T-2 toxin, aflatoxin and zearalenone. In the study, for the first time, the features of the clinical and morphological manifestations of T-2-, afla- and zearalenontoxicosis were revealed in experimental lesions of white rats. Feeding animals with toxic feed led to a decrease in body weight by 32.9% (P<0.001) relative to the control. An increase in the mass of the liver, kidneys, spleen and a decrease in the mass of the thymus were recorded. Subacute exposure to mycotoxins resulted in a decrease in the level of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin and an increase in the concentration of platelets in the bloodstream in albino rats.
To reduce the negative effect of a combination of mycotoxins, three prophylactic complexes were tested at the rate of 0.25 % by weight of the diet. It has been established that the use of prophylactic complexes in laboratory animals against the background of combined mycotoxicosis helps to reduce the toxic load on the body, which is manifested by an improvement in the clinical condition of the animals and morphological parameters of the blood. The prophylactic complex based on the natural mineral halloysite, which was not previously used for mycotoxicoses, showed the highest efficiency.
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