GENETIC STRUCTURE OF TATAR AND YAKUT HORSE BREEDS BASED ON BLOOD POLYMORPHIC PROTEINS
DOI 10.31588/2413_4201_1883_4_264_102 УДК 636.082:636.11
Abstract
Abstract. This study presents the results of an analysis of allele pool of Tatar horse breed in comparison with the
allele pool of Yakut breed. The obtained data can be used in further breeding work. The study established that local horse
breeds have a wide spectrum of alleles for polymorphic blood proteins and a high level of genetic diversity. Transferrin
locus is determined by five alleles in the studied horse breeds: F, D, R, H and O, while the albumin locus was weakly poly
morphic and represented by only two alleles: A and B. Genetic analysis of Tatar and Yakut horses, respectively, identified
15 genotypes out of 15 possible allelic combinations. The most frequent allele in both populations was F allele. Its fre
quency in Yakut horse breed was significantly higher than that in Tatar horses by 0.134 (p < 0.05), indicating significant
differentiation at this locus. In contrast, the O allele of transferrin was minimally represented: 0.053 in Tatar horse breed,
while in Yakut breed it was 0.030, corresponding to a 1.77-fold decrease. This allele indicates statistical similarity between
the two breeds for this polymorphism. In the polymorphic blood systems of the two breeds, the polymorphism level aver
aged 2.441, a result considered high for local horse breeds. Horses of Tatar breed are characterized by a high degree of heterozygosity, averaging 0.597, which is 0.191 higher than the same indicator in Yakut breed. Consequently, distinct
interbreed differences in allele frequencies, heterozygosity levels and the number of effective alleles are evident in Tatar
and Yakut horse breeds’ blood polymorphic protein loci, indicating a certain genetic distance between the studied horse
breeds.
References
Литература
Храброва Л. А., Алексеева Е. И. Прогресс ДНК-технологий в коневодстве // Известия Санкт
Петербургского государственного аграрного университета. 2015. № 39. С. 149-154. EDN UXWMEX.
Effect of ВsaA I genotyped intronic SNP of leptin gene on production and reproduction traits in Indian dairy
cattle / T. Yadav, A. Magotra, Y. C. Bangar [et al.] // Animal Biotechnology. 2021. V. 34 (2). Р. 261-267. http://
doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2021.1955701.
Эффективность контроля происхождения лошадей по полиморфным системам крови и микросателли
там ДНК / Л. А. Храброва, Р. М. Дубровская, Л. В. Калинкова [и др.] // Коневодство и конный спорт. 2012.
№ 2. С. 7-8. EDN OXNIZV.
Блохина Н. В., Храброва Л. А. Анализ генетической структуры 29 пород лошадей Российской селек
ции по STR-маркерам // Генетика. 2024. Т. 60. № 8. С. 54-65. http:// doi.org/ 10.31857/S0016675824080057.
EDN BFPWDI.
Zinovieva S. A., Khrabrova L. A., Markin S. S. Association of the ACTN3 Gene Polymorphisms with the
Performance of Thoroughbred Horses // Russian Journal of Genetics. 2025. Vol. 61. No. 8. P. 1027-1030. https://
doi.org/ 10.1134/S1022795425700541. EDN YIJJGG.
Assessment of line differentiation in the thoroughbred horse breed using DNA microsatellite loci / L. A.
Khrabrova, N. V. Blohina, O. I. Suleymanov [et al.] // Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2019. 23 (5). Р.
-574. https://doi.org/ 10.18699/VJ19.526
Горбовская Т. М., Любченко Е. Н. Генетический метод контроля происхождения лошадей // Аграрный
вестник Приморья. 2024. № 3 (35). С. 17-21. EDN WPLHDI
Итоги первой бонитировки лошадей татарской породы в Республике Татарстан / Р. А. Хаертдинов, М.
А. Сушенцова, И. Н. Камалдинов [и др.] // Ученые записки Казанской государственной академии ветеринар
ной медицины им. Н.Э. Баумана. 2022. Т. 250. № 2. С. 254-260. https://doi.org/ 10.31588/2413-4201-1883-2
-254
Возрождение татарской породы лошадей / Р. А. Хаертдинов, М. А. Сушенцова, И. Н. Камалдинов [и
др.] // Зоотехния. 2023. № 1. С. 22-25. https://doi.org/ 10.25708/ZT.2022.33.52.006. EDN WIHBGD.
Додохов В. В., Филиппова Н. П. Полиморфизм белков сыворотки крови лошадей якутской породы //
Потенциал современной науки. 2015. № 4(12). С. 70-75. EDN TXNUWR.
Генетическая структура лошадей якутской породы по полиморфным белкам сыворотки крови / В. В.
Додохов, Н. П. Филиппова, Н. П. Степанов [и др.] // Достижения науки и техники АПК. 2016. Т. 30. № 11. С.
-102. EDN XRUVCL.
Морфологические и генетические особенности пород лошадей Якутии / Н. П. Филиппова, Н. П. Сте
панов, В. В. Додохов [и др.] // Российская сельскохозяйственная наука. 2020. № 4. С. 60-64. https://doi.org/
31857/S2500262720040146. EDN UZVEBH.
Блохина Н. В., Храброва Л. А. Генетическая характеристика лошадей местных пород по локусам мик
росателлитов ДНК // Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2025. Т. 29. № 1. С. 113-121. https://doi.org/
18699/vjgb-25-13. EDN KFSNKN.
References
Khrabrova LA, Alekseeva EI. [Progress of DNA technologies in horse breeding]. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo
gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2015; 39. 149-154 p. EDN UXWMEX.
Yadav T, Magotra A, Bangar YC. Effect of BsaA I genotyped intronic SNP of leptin gene on production and repro
duction traits in Indian dairy cattle. Animal Biotechnology. 2021; V.34 (2). 261-267 p. http://
doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2021.1955701.
Khrabrova LA, Dubrovskaya RM, Kalinkova LV. [Efficiency of horse origin monitoring using blood polymorphic
systems and DNA microsatellites]. Konevodstvo i konnyy sport. 2012; 2. 7-8 p. EDN OXNIZV.
Blokhina NV, Khrabrova LA. [Analysis of the genetic structure of 29 horse breeds of Russian selection using STR
markers]. Genetika. 2024; Vol.60. 8. 54-65 p. http:// doi.org/ 10.31857/S0016675824080057. EDN BFPWDI.
Zinovieva SA, Khrabrova LA, Markin SS. Association of the ACTN3 gene polymorphisms with the performance of
thoroughbred horses. Russian Journal of Genetics. 2025; Vol.61. No.8. 1027-1030 p. https://doi.org/ 10.1134/
S1022795425700541. EDN YIJJGG.
Blokhina NV, Khrabrova LA. Suleymanov OI. Assessment of line differentiation in the thoroughbred horse breed
using DNA microsatellite loci. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2019; 23 (5). 569-574 р. https://doi.org/
18699/VJ19.526
Gorbovskaya TM, Lyubchenko EN. [Genetic method for monitoring the origin of horses]. Agrarnyy vestnik Primor
ya. 2024; 3 (35). 17-21 p. EDN WPLHDI
Khaertdinov RA, Sushentsova MA, Kamaldinov IN. [Results of the first appraisal of Tatar horse breeds in the Re
public of Tatarstan]. Uchenye zapiski Kazanskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii veterinarnoy meditsiny im. N.E. Baumana.
; Vol.250. 2. 254-260 p. https://doi.org/ 10.31588/2413-4201-1883-2-250-254
Khaertdinov RA, Sushentsova MA, Kamaldinov IN. [Revival of Tatar horse breed]. Zootekhniya. 2023; 1. 22-25 p.
https://doi.org/ 10.25708/ZT.2022.33.52.006. EDN WIHBGD.
Dodokhov VV, Filippova NP. [Polymorphism of blood serum proteins of Yakut horses breeds]. Potentsial sov
remennoy nauki. 2015; 4(12). 70-75 p. EDN TXNUWR.
Dodokhov VV, Filippova NP, Stepanov NP. [Genetic structure of Yakut horse breeds according to polymorphic
proteins of blood serum]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016; Vol.30. 11. 100-102 p. EDN XRUVCL.
Filippova NP, Stepanov NP, Dodokhov VV. [Morphological and genetic features of horse breeds of Yakutia].
Rossiyskaya selskokhozyaystvennaya nauka. 2020; 4. 60-64 p. https://doi.org/ 10.31857/S2500262720040146. EDN UZ
VEBH.
Blokhina NV, Khrabrova LA. [Genetic characteristics of local horse breeds based on DNA microsatellite loci].
Vavilovskiy zhurnal genetiki i selektsii. 2025; Vol.29. 1. 113-121 p. https://doi.org/ 10.18699/vjgb-25-13. EDN KFSNKN.
