TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION OF RUMEN MICROBIOTA OF COWS WITH HOOF DISEASES
DOI 10.31588/2413_4201_1883_3_267_25 УДК 619:616.3:636.2
Abstract
Hoof diseases remain one of the main reasons for premature culling of cows from herds, and their development is associated with disturbances in rumen microbiota composition resulting from an excessive intake of readily fermentable carbohydrates. Few studies have directly linked the composition of the rumen bacterial community to the presence of hoof lesions, and there is a virtual absence of domestic research on this topic. For the first time in the region’s cattle herd, the taxonomic composition of rumen fluid microbiota was studied in five cows with hoof diseases and five healthy animals using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The analysis was performed at the phylum, class, order and family levels, with the significance of differences assessed using Mann-Whitney U-test. Compared to healthy animals, diseased animals showed a significant increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidota by 12.30%, Prevotellaceae by 9.20%, Erysipelotrichales by 1.05%, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae by 0.87% and [Eubacterium] coprostanoligenes group by 0.70%, as well as a decrease in the proportions of Campylobacterales by 0.19% and Succinivibrionaceae by 14.78%. Representatives of Fusobacterium genus, whose share amounted to 0.07%, were detected in four of the five diseased animals but were absent in all healthy ones. The proportions of Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Veillonellaceae and Ruminococcaceae, typically associated with advanced ruminal acidosis, did not reach statistical significance. The obtained pattern is consistent with data, described in cows with laminitis and indicates a moderate disturbance of the bacterial community composition associated with hoof diseases.
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